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What is the great discovery of the book 'From Capital to Reason'?

There are 3:
1. Define what a human being is, on scientific grounds.
2. Propose a credible alternative to capitalism.
3. Demonstrate that any credible organizational system is necessarily based on the supervision of the decision-making process.

Defining what a human being is, on scientific grounds

From antiquity until today, politicians and philosophers have been content with a simply plausible representation of humans, based on introspection, and not corroborated by reproducible experiments consistent with the scientific method.
This means that they wanted to deal with the subject without even defining it correctly, and this explains why their solutions work so poorly: they are based on an unrealistic representation of human nature.

Propose a credible alternative to capitalism

THE Communism or the participatory democracy are not.
For what ? Because they are based on an idealized representation of humans.

Demonstrate that any credible organizational system is necessarily based on the supervision of the decision-making process

By credible organizational system, we mean a system capable of answering the two big questions of our time, namely how to satisfy ecological constraints, and how to stop the slow degradation of the social fabric which leads us inexorably towards the next collective tragedy (for example a civil war).

Previous systems, past and present, focus on 'who makes the decisions?', when the right question should be 'how should decisions be made?'.
See question 'What is the modern political method?'

Go deeper

Read the book From capital to reason in its entirety.
Defining what a human being is is the central object of the first part of the book.
Proposing a credible alternative to capitalism is the subject of the second part.