↖ Homepage of the site 'What to do with your life?' What is Lean Manufacturing?Lean organization or production is a term whose content is precisely defined by the book The Machine That Changed the World by James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, Daniel Roos, and Donna Sammons Carpenter. Lean as a social organizationThe book The Machine That Changed the World compares the organization of production put in place by Toyota and some Japanese companies in the second half of the 20th century, which he describes as Lean, with that of automobile companies in the rest of the world, which he describes as Taylorist. It also compares the social organization, the organization of the ecosystem of subcontractors, financing, and that of customer relations. Finally, it compares the method of distribution of value between all these entities. Pris dans son ensemble, le Lean est un deal social qui a existé au Japon durant la seconde moitié du XXᵉ siècle. Les employés acceptent de faire tout ce qui est à faire (par opposition à uniquement ce qui correspond à leur statut), et de se former, et reçoivent en contre partie un emploi à vie (shūshin koyō), la possibilité de modeler l'organisation de leur travail, et une meilleure reconnaissance de leurs compétences. Ce deal social a peut être été dicté par le fait que dans le Japon de l'immédiate après guerre, il y avait peu de capitaux et pas d'immigrés pour occuper les postes du bas de l'échelle sociale, contrairement à ce qui se passait en Europe et sur le continent nord américain. However, Lean is an area where the lobbying power of consultants is so strong that even the corresponding Wikipedia article is heavily biased towards presenting Lean as simply a series of tools for optimizing production, and reforming managerial posture. Lean as a production organization systemThe book The Machine That Changed the World opposes two contradictory modes of organization of production:
The main objectives of Lean production are:
In practice, the main effect of a Lean organization is to maximize the effect of continuous improvement. How is Lean relevant in the West in the 21st century?Lean is particularly relevant to 21st century manufacturing for two reasons:
Lean and ITLean poses a considerable problem with regard to IT, which can only be solved in practice with the use of a specific tool such as Storga:
Contrary to this, what we call “agile methods”, and misrepresented as Lean IT, in fact just corresponds to a mode of IT development which is still based on the relational model, but where the We carry out the commissioning gradually, to encourage the return of the field. This translates in practice into continuous improvement which continues to stagnate because of IT, from the end of the initial development phase, because of the rigidity of the relational model. Go deeperView question 'What does Parkinson's law teach us?' Concerning the IT part, consult 'What is colonization 2.0?'.
|